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Cinema Journalism

Compact Disc (CD) turns 25

Cover Picture of the World’s First-Ever Compact Disc

Hey GLOVADIs, the best friend that carries your specially selected music to her, the good ol’ CD, has just turned 25!

In what now looks an incident of another era, the CD had marked its arrival with Abba’s The Visitors, which was the first album to be released in CD format in 1982. That marked the beginning of the end of vynil era and transformed the landscape of musical formats.

“At that time, even experienced engineers told us ‘this will never work’. And we learned one should never say never. We knew that we were working on a completely new, exciting technology. However, we did not know at that time that the CD would grow to that magnitude,” said Hartmut Loewer of Bayer AG recently.

Offering unprecedented sound quality and optimum data capacity, CD not only changed forever the way people listened to music but also marked the beginning of the digital age.

Now, every year, the world produces roughly 90,000 originals on CD, billions of copies of which are sold globally. And today CDs have carved a very important space for themselves in our lives.

Molded plastic disc containing digital data that is scanned by a laser beam for the reproduction of recorded sound or other information. Since its commercial introduction in 1982, the audio CD has become the dominant format for high-fidelity recorded music. Digital audio data can be converted to analog form to reproduce the original audio signal.
Co-invented by Philips Electronics and Sony Corp. in 1980, the compact disc has expanded beyond audio recordings into other storage-and-distribution uses, notably for computers (CD-ROM) and entertainment systems (videodisc and DVD). An audio CD can store just over an hour of music. A CD-ROM can contain up to 680 megabytes of computer data. A DVD, the same size as traditional CDs, is able to store up to 17 gigabytes of data, such as high-definition digital video files.

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Journalism

To Call or Not to Call the Nearest Call Center – for a Career!

Call centers have become such an integral part of modern Indian cities that most of us youngsters seem to know someone – either directly or indirectly – associated with some call center or the other.

They have also become so ‘mainstream’ that there are novels, movies and jokes galore about the call centers. However, most of the stories are either about humour, harassment or sexual escapades during night shifts.

Of course, like most stories in this world, that is just one part of the story. The big picture sees millions of youngsters, like you, wanting to take up a job with any of the top-notch call centers or BPOs (which also include tasks where you don’t have to speak up on phone with clients). And thousands from amongst us are already doing very well at call centers.

Unfortunately, because of the herd mentality of all industries, the IT boom had seen a boom of call-centers with poor training methods, even poorer talent and totally inadequate infrastructure. All of that led to widespread opinion of it being a ‘Dead-end job’, a ‘McJob’, ‘SlaveJob’ and many other adjectives of the poor kind.

But can that be true? For all those who cannot become an Amitabh or Kapil Dev; who cannot get PhDs, MCAs, MBAs; who are not engineers or doctors, why can’t the job at call center be good? Just because some people don’t find it very intellectual or glamorous? Are they the ones who are going to burn the ‘chulha’ at your home?

While at any given point of time, a job is a job is a job, presently, a job at a good call center / BPO can actually just be the foundation that you require to kick-start greater things in your later life!

It offers good training, good money and most of all, great confidence. It prepares you well to deal with various kind of people, in various kind of situations and teaches you the art of dealing all of that in a composed manner. It just prepares you to take life head-on.

And then, who is asking you to make a job at the call center your final destination. Serve your Company well, earn well for yourself, learn about many things and move on. Everyone does that, in every field.

The key here is to identify the good call centers from the fly-by-the-night operators. And one of the best way to separate the good from the average (or worse) is to find out the parent Company or the list of clients that it caters too. So, a Hutch call center is good one for anyone but so is a (for example) Ram Bharose Hindu Call Center that caters to Nike, IBM, Nirma etc. Go ahead, get started with a career. Get started with earning.

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Journalism

Jo Successful Woh Apne!

Every few months, success of a person of Indian origin in a western country creates a huge frenzy back here in India. Why? No one quite knows why. Unfortunately, a lot of home-grown stars have perished in many a by-lanes of India in abject poverty. As they say, success is relative. The more successful you are, the more relatives you have. Right?

What is it about us Indians that makes us ridiculously foolish about achievements of FOREIGN people of Indian descent? Why do we make them sound unimaginably huge and extraordinary? Is it because we see a bit of white skin in one of our own? Do we still suffer from an inferiority complex? Or is it just a pure, innocent and warm feeling of oneness with a fellow DNA?

The answer can be both, none of the aforementioned and a bit of all of them.

What is interesting with regards quite a few of our ‘Indian-American’ (or ‘Indian-World’) heroes is that on more than one ‘opportune occasion’, they have tried to distance themselves from their Indian identity!

During Oscar Award nominations, Manoj Shyamalan had to repeatedly call himself an American (”I’m an American”) to endear himself to increase his chances of getting nominated as for the award of ‘best director’. Bobby Jindal used to call himself a born-again Christian (and American) during the election for governership in Louisiana. God forbid if he were to be taken as an Indian. Heck, he is a representative of the right-wing, white-American dream of political ideology, the Republican Party.

So why do we go out of the way to not only extol their American-system-aided success but also try and pull them hard towards our shores. Congratulate them as you would congratulate any citizen of this world and leave them alone. Believe us, even they would want to be left alone by our misplaced nationalism.

What India should rather concentrate is to foster deprived talent of the million by-lanes of the nation’s landscape. Being a part of the victory of an underdog is always more intoxicating. Especially if you are the coach of the underdog. Go India, go for the home-grown talent.

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Journalism

A Detention Center Called Ahmedabad

The worst sight that one would want to have just around the monsoon is the sight of more than a dozen school children ‘packed’ within (and about) a rickety auto rickshaw of a Maruti Van. What a criminal abuse of a child’s right to live the most refreshing and pristine season of life!

Obviously, this is neither a new phenomenon nor restricted to the city of Ahmedabad. On the contrary, we seem to be copying all the avoidable traits of bigger cities – such as mad rush for everything, insane competition for even more insane marks in exams and starting very early, formal education and the accompanying preparation for the professional life of later years.

Funnily, what we should be doing instead is to look towards either the  villages or the extreme other end of the spectrum, the really evolved schools in the western countries (and some in India too).

The idea is simple. To let the child remain in touch with nature / natural life while learning ‘c for cramped’ and ‘s for schools’.

Our grandfathers did not really need two tuition classes a day and a 5 feet by 10 feet classrooms to do well in life. And if the recent trends are any indication, neither would our grandchildren need them.

And then, what is this mad rush for ‘proven and mandatory education’ doesn’t seem to be throwing up much results either. Does Ahmedabad have a Nobel laureate? Is Ahmedabad known to be an intellectual city? Is Ahmedabad even known as an education or student’s city? Is Ahmedabad the national (forget international) research hub for any product or service?

Ahmedabad does have fantastic flagposts of education like IIM, MICA etc. But is it known for any giants of education?
Forget excellence, the ugly truth of the moment is that inspite of a million tuition classes across the city, Ahmedabad is NOT known for a culture of education. It is known as a traders’ city; where the only education that counts is the art of making money – preferably through stock market, but ideally through any means!

And yet, the issue here is not of excellence in education or, for that matter, of education itself. The issue here is about allowing a child to enjoy life in all its natural glory while growing up. The issue here is of separating the need of giving formal education to our children and the necessity and joy of self-learning of the child through interaction with nature. The issue here is of giving a child the breathing space during the early years of life.

Plants need open pores in soil to be able to grow up well. Every gardener knows that. Maybe the parents need to learn a bit from them.

The Irony:

One of the bigger ironies of modern India is that during the years when there were not so many postgraduates in the country, the percentage of ‘unemployed’ youth was not as steep as it is at the moment!

Similarly, in India (as in Ahmedabad too), the age when one should be having maximum fun; the age that should be the age of unbridled, natural joy, is often the age that learns to walk under the burden of “duties and expectations of the parents”, “ways of the society” and the “means and methods of the education”.

So, what should ideally be a fun race towards the neighbourhood school is now the journey in a ‘caged vehicle’ in Ahmedabad. Forget the emotional part of it, even the literal space of breathing is absent in such journeys.
So then, quite like most things of our times, as we continue to have more means to devise a more meaningful method of learning, we are getting increasingly ‘jailor-like’ in enforcing education on to our children.

The misfortune of Amdavadi children is that their parents not only carry the herd mentality but also want to live all of their dreams through their children. Or is it the problem of the whole of India? Maybe; but we are presently talking only of Ahmedabad.

The Parental Flux:

One more peculiar thing about education in today’s times is the vulgar commercialisation of the field. As newer things get thrown in with every new academic year – like Laptops being made mandatory in class 11 and 12 – the burden on parents to catch up with the cost of education increases manifold. Consequently, parents go that extra mile to ensure the seemingly best for their children – and in the process, let go their life completely. Unfortunately for the children, the struggle of the parents and their natural expectation of getting at least one page of education out of every 100 rupees spent takes the shape of demands of parents for higher performance.

With every new generation, the age of a child learning the basics of math and language is getting lower and lower. A lot of it is to be attributed to the expectations of and the streak of competition amongst parents. It’s like, “we work all day long to have you in the best of school. The least that you can do is to spend the same time with your education”.
As we said, it is a classic case of children getting sucked into a flux created by their parents.

What parents fail to realise is that childhood is an age that does not obey the logical demands or expectations of adults. Childhood has a heart and wandering soul of its own. And if that heart and soul is tried to be chained down, the effect can be fatal for a balanced growth of the child. A part of the destruct eventually gets directed towards the parents themselves. So, if not for the child’s sake, parents should go slow and allow the child free space for their own sake. It would be one of those instances of selfishness wherein everyone benefits. Symbiotic selfishness, anyone? 🙂

What’s the Purpose?

Passionate educationists in the city and elsewhere fail to understand the motive behind today’s frantic urge for early education. “What is it that the parents are hoping to achieve”, they often wonder aloud.

While no one can ever know the mind of every parent, it would still be safe to assume that in this age of media, parents generally want their child to imbibe everything that is seen around through the various media vehicles.

The exaggerated success and struggle stories alike have convinced parents that having simple education or acquiring a solitary skill would not be enough for the future of their children. The parents now seem convinced that their children would have to be walking Swiss-knives to be able to survive in the big bad world.

But is that true? Would every person of the future generations have to be like a multi-tasking robot to succeed in life?
If we keep aside the basic skills and knowledge about various fields that we gather with age, what does Manmohan Singh know apart from Economics (Don’t tell us that you think he is a politician) or what does APJ Abdul Kalam know apart from science? Similarly, what does Sachin know apart from Cricket (sports)? What does Hrithik know apart from cinema?

As cliched as it may sound, the pursuit of parents may just end up turning their children into jacks and not masters. But then, who is listening? Everyone is busy running.

The Ills of a Detention Center:

Ahmedabad has forced its children to get indoors, attend a lot of after-school classes and give formal education (especially the HSC Board exam) an infinitely more than desired importance.

The same is true for children who go for play schools. After all, as long as the word ‘school’ is attached to the place that you are going, both the caretakers there and the parents at home expect to start counting and talking like a parrot. And that too a programmed one.

Resultantly, the instinct for curiosity, exploration, pro-activity, leadership, adventure and lateral thinking is diminishing in today’s assembly-line students of Ahmedabad. How sad for a city that gave India a visionary like Vikram Sarabhai. Not to mention a certain Mohandas Gandhi.

In fact, even the accessories of education too have started taking its toll. The bags hurt the backs, the stationary hurts the pocket and the equipments (pen, eraser or learning boxes) hurt pride and instill jealousy. Is this what we were aiming at while planning for our children’s education?

The Way Ahead:

Some very notable examples of enterprise in the field of education in Ahmedabad are: Riverside School (near Airport) and Calorx International School (Beyond Thaltej), Eklavya School and Zydus School of Excellence. They present the models that should inspire most of the other schools of Ahmedabad.

It is not about the board (IB, CBSE or GB) affiliation of those schools that matter. The crux of the aforementioned lies in the philosophy behind education. Those schools seem to recognise the truth that  learning is basically the evolution of a human mind and cannot be confused with the ‘inherited and documented knowledge of text books’.

Little wonder then, various types of initiatives for the improvement of the experience and quality of education are regularly undertaken by such schools. Before we proceed here, we would like to throw a disclaimer of sort: We have cited the example only for the purpose of illustrating the various ‘visible’ differences at those schools. Things like absence of the exam system and a ratio of 6 trees per child (!) at the Calorx International School and novel teaching methods and classrooms at Riverside school.

It is that striving for preparing the ground for a wholesome experience of education that we were trying to bring to you by citing those examples.

The subject, in any case, is not about any particular school or any particular type of school. The subject here is the need to have a more evolved method and environment for education in Ahmedabad. One can either study and experience the examples mentioned or devise a unique other method. The idea shall always remain that of providing the child with enough free space for body and soul, to be able to grow naturally. The idea should always entail freeing the child from the burden of education and directing him towards the joy of learning.

What about Open School?

An increasing number of parents across India are actually taking their children out from normal school and enrolling them in open schools, via a government organisation called National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS).
NIOS is a large network, with 2,000 accredited study centres for academic and vocational education courses at Secondary and Senior Secondary level spread across the country. In Capital Delhi alone, it has over 200 study centres with more than 60,000 students enrolled in it.

This July itself, NIOS has launched an online admission facility for students of secondary and senior secondary level. “With the introduction of online registrations, it is expected that the annual enrolment of NIOS, which is at present about three lakh, will increase by more than a lakh,” NIOS chairman M C Pant had told the media at the launch of the online registration facility.

So there, a child can have all the ‘education’ that it wants through a study center / online learning center (and get a government recognised exam passing certificate too) and yet have all the time, space and passion for learning, out on his own, through interaction with life itself. Ideal?

Of course, unless necessary or extremely desirable, one doesn’t need to completely pull out the child from a regular school – it, after all, has its own magnificent advantages – but one should not forget that the school is there because of your child. Your child can do without school too. Let’s not mix up the order. Let’s not kill the child’s childhood for the sake of a school.

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Cinema Journalism

762 Films in 75 Years Ain’t Bad; Now Lets Build Upon It

Let us all raise our hands and put them together for the Gujarati film industry. For a family that has probably got used to being written off by all and sundry, completing 75 years of existence is a commendable effort from any benchmark. The author, on behalf of League magazine and all the GLOVADIs spread across the globe, congratulates the industry and wishes it an exponential rise in fortunes.

The most repeated lament that we hear in Ahmedabad with regards the Gujarati film industry is that Gujarati speaking people themselves do not care enough for the language; and consequently the films made in the language. The direct comparison is provided in the fom of the healthy state of Southern Indian cinema (implying a ready patronage for the cinema by native-language-speaking people).

Without doubt, there is no comparison today between, say, Tamil cinema and Gujarati cinema. But attributing the difference in the sizes of the two to merely the “lack of pride” would not only be naively inaccurate but also an insult to the passion for Gujarati language that all its proponents posses. Gujarati speaking people, and others too, love Gujarati language. And there is no reservation in accepting that. Period.

‘Pride’ is a word that has gained enormous currency in today’s India (and all its subset-districts) almost entirely because of politicians. ‘Pride’, ‘gaurav’, ‘asmita’, ‘samman’ etc are all variants of the same jingoism that promises to rip the Indian society apart. So, let’s not equate a beautiful expression of thoughts called cinema with pride. Cinema is about joy. And not about pride – unless and until a clarion call for society or nation building calls for it.

Another reason, and equally steadfast at that, which the critics provide for the sorry state of affairs is the content of Gujarati cinema. “All those rural stories, with unfit heroes moving around in Kediu-Dhotiu and fullsome heroines in chania-cholis have scared people away in cities”. While the point made there is well taken, it should be emphasised here that it is the apalling execution of a rural theme that needs to be destested; not the rural theme per se. After all, we had all queued up for Lagaan, a film that was shot in Bhuj.

Of course, as any student of filmmaking would tell us, ‘execution of a theme’ pretty much involves getting the clothing right too. Some of the clothes that the characters wear in our Gujarati films would be hard to find even in remote villages these days. It is generally a case of getting them in bulk and cheap from ‘some’bhai Dresswala. You can’t have the photograph of a hero in those clothes adorning a wall of your home at SG Highway, can you?

So why do a lot of us make such films?

Simply because they are cheaper to make. And with low investment, coupled with subsidy from Gujarat government, the making of such films becomes a safe business bet – what with a ready audience in the interiors of the state. There’s nothing more or less on that issue.

But just as it has stopped working in metros like Ahmedabad, the method would soon stop working in the interiors too. Simply because soon there would be no place where satellite television would not have reached. And if that were not enough, multiplexes are going to dot the countryside sooner than later. When one cinema hall at a place like Viramgam plays 3 Hindi and 1 Hollywood film dubbed in Hindi every single day for an year, the taste of the place for cinema would slowy but definitely go for a sea change. The place would then start demanding a change in the storylines in Gujarati films – on the lines of the Hindi / Hollywood films – or start shunning them, quite like their brothers in other big cities of Gujarat.

And how fast is it going to happen? In a matter barely a decade. And that too largely because it takes time to build real estate behemoths like mall-cum-multiplex.

It takes all of a few days for companies to come up with a higher version of any product. Why do we think then that the landscape of smaller towns is going to remain static – especially in a rapidly progressing, industrialised state like Gujarat? It won’t. Before we know, the Ambani brothers would have taken their retail, communication and entertainment caravan to every corner of the state. And with it, usher in an era of exposure to newer cultures, ways of life and also newer content and style of filmmaking. Then, it would be curtains for the ‘subsidy based filmmaker.

So, what’s the way ahead?

The way ahead is dictated by what McDonald’s learned and embraced here in India with open arms – that local sensibility at the core and global technique and / or packaging is the need of the hour for every idea, anywhere in the world.

Fortunately, helping them in the process would be, well, the likes of Ambani brothers! Yes, banners like ADLABS are not going to stop at producing and distributing only Hindi films. Far from it. Just as Anil Ambani wants every Indian to have a Reliance phone is her hand, he would want to catch any person who ever watches films, in any language. And as Ratan Tata had put it recently at the Vibrant Gujarat Summit, it would be stupid for any business to not come to Gujarat.

Once that begins, we might have Hiten Kumar and Roma Manek dancing at the Trafalgar Square in London. And probably joined by Upen Patel in that!

The thing, however, with Gujarat and Gujarati films is that the state has always had a stronger base for theater than films. Further augmenting the slant towards theater are folk forms like Bhavai, based on which format that gem of an experimental film Bhavni Bhavai was made. Now, since most of the highlights of Gujarat state and its culture were more than amply – and beautifully – expressed through street (pol) theater, folk forms and public religious discourses, the emphasis on cinema in the earlier part of the century was not as pronounced as in, say, Calcutta, Chennai and Mumbai. Later on, it was only the “special effects films” that showed miracles by saints or God in mythological films that had caught the imagination of the hoi polloi.

And yet, there is no escaping the fact that 1932, when the first Gujarati talkie Narsinh Mehta was released at the West End theater in Mumbai. (Today Naaz theater stands in the place). Directed by Nanubhai Vakil, the 139-minute had marked a reasonably early arrival of the Gujarati film industry. And hence, one expects a lot more distance – in terms of technical sophistication and mindspace reach – from the industry than what it boasts of at the moment.
While directors like Shankar are toying with glitz like using 32 cameras for a single shot, Gujarati films (except an occasional exception every few years) are stuck with dilapidated studios of Halol and archaic camera and editing techniques. Simply not done.

But, as the title of this discussion suggests, 762 films in 75 years is not a bad score. It’s the evolution of technique and themes – or the lack of it – that should garner more attention from us.

Filmmaking is a huge teamwork, from every sense of the exercise. Just as the director and producer are just two of the hundreds that are intrinsic to the making of a single film, unless the society is attracted adequately to cinema halls, films would gradually be pushed behind more persuasive mediums like television.

In case of Gujarati films, the phenomenon is almost complete. And the only method of recoiling the slide is by giving the audience that pays Rs 150 per ticket at the city multiplexes a reason to pay that kind of amount for a Gujarati film.
While making a film with actors like Paresh Rawal, Amisha and Upen Patel and a generous dose of glamour in terms of locations would make it financially unviable, how about doing a Qayamat Se Qayamat Tak, with manageable fresh actors, fresh director and fresh music directors? Or better still, making an Ahmedabad Blues! Hyderabad Blues had cost Nagesh Kukunoor Rs. 16 Lakhs. Don’t you think we can manage that sum?

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Journalism

How about an ‘Amdavad Samachar’ – of & for the world – in English?

One of the most desirable features of a great city is a voice of its own. A voice that not only speaks with but also on behalf of its people.

With voice, however, we do not necessarily mean talking about the much-documented idiosynchronisies of the place. That can be taken care by novelists and filmmakers. Why, we Amdavadis (or Gujaratis, for that matter), are already quite adequately represented by the ‘kanta ben’ type of jokes in Hindi cinema! And the fact that we take them well is our strength.

But, and coming back to the point, the voice of a city would be something that talks out about a unique – or at least an independent – perspective on larger issues of society – local, national and world – and life itself. A voice that is comprehensible and worth taking forward to different contexts.

Voice can be a decisive view on a subject or it can be a debate with umpteen conflicting views on the same subject. While the former is rare and probably undesirable, the latter is something that we should definitely aim at. In the absence of any of that presently, views on matters concerning Ahmedabad are framed by non-Amdavadis, based on their inadequate – and consequently inaccurate – understanding of the state of affairs here. But can we blame them for that? They have got a job to do and they are doing it within the elbow room that they get in today’s cut-throat world of news reporting. Imagine us reporting on some district of Karnataka. Ditto.

Now, name one media vehicle that the outside world can look forward for an Washington Post, New York Times and Boston Globe are three newspapers of USA that talk of almost all matters under Sun. And then also talk with and about those three incredibly important cities of that country. With it belonging to capital city, one expects and gets the most exhaustive (internal) political debates in Washington Post. New York Times gives often gives an alternated political view and also presents the beauty of a cosmopolitan city. The Boston Globe caters to the MIT-ians and other ‘evolved’ readers. The differences between the three newspapers is not only distinct but also exciting. They are like three different people. A bit like Dilip Kumar, Raj Kapur and Dev Anand!

What have we got Ahmedabad? City supplements by Gujarati and English papers alike. Would that be enough for us to become and later recognised as a great city? No; not in this world anyway.

Ahmedabad has always been the fountainhead of Gujarati journalism. Adding to the advantage is the presence of media / communication schools in the city. Can’t the giants of Gujarati journalism and the go-getters of today’s English medium media schools join hands to launch a newspaper of Ahmedabad’s own? Can’t they have, for the sake of having a working title, The Amdavad Samachar, in English, for the global village?

It is not as improbably as it may seem in the beginning. To begin with, we are not suggesting a multi-million-dollar marketing blitzkrieg to go with the launch. Sandesh had started with a single-page spreadsheet. The Amdavad Samachar can start with four pages. Four pages of debates. A big brand like Reliance retail can be the ‘anchor sponsor’ of the venture – without, and this is of paramount importance, any say in the editorial.

Apart from other advantages, The Amdavad Samachar can help bind the city’s ‘action-oriented thinking class’ together; can provide easy secondary source of information about the city to other national and international media and keep a watch on the city representatives like corporators and MLAs.

Sandesh has come a long way since its one-page debut and is a partner of The Times of India. There is no reason why our proposed paper can not, at least, be self-sufficient source of class, information, education, entertainment and joy for the seventh biggest city of India.

Amen!